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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme System (CYP450)
- Target
- CYP450
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Monooxygenase, Heme-thiolate protein
01
Overview
The cytochrome P450 enzyme system (CYP450) is a superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases crucial for metabolizing drugs, toxins, and endogenous compounds. They are primarily found in the liver and other tissues, playing a vital role in phase I drug metabolism and detoxification. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP genes lead to inter-individual variability in drug response and toxicity.
- Other names
- CYPCytochrome P450P450
02
Mechanism of action
Monooxygenation; Oxidation of substrates
03
Biological functions
Drug metabolismXenobiotic detoxificationSteroid synthesisCholesterol synthesisFatty acid metabolismOxidation reactionsReduction reactions
04
Disease associations
Drug resistanceDrug toxicityCancerHormonal imbalances
05
Safety considerations
Drug-drug interactions due to enzyme inhibition or inductionGenetic polymorphisms leading to variable drug metabolismRisk of toxicity due to altered drug clearance
06
Interacting drugs
Numerous drugs act as substrates, inhibitors, or inducers of CYP enzymes
07
Biomarkers
CYP2D6 genotype for predicting codeine metabolismCYP2C19 genotype for predicting clopidogrel response
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