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Cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily A member 22 (CYP4A22)
- Target
- CYP4A22
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Monooxygenase, Oxidoreductase (cytochrome P450 superfamily)
01
Overview
Cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily A member 22 (CYP4A22) is an enzyme encoded by the CYP4A22 gene located on chromosome 1p33 in humans[1][2][3]. It belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes, best known for catalyzing monooxygenase reactions, including fatty acid omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxylation, especially of laurate and palmitate[2][3][5]. Unlike paralogous enzymes such as CYP4A11 or CYP4F2, CYP4A22 is expressed at very low levels in few human tissues, and current evidence suggests it may not be a functional enzyme for arachidonic acid or prostaglandin metabolism in humans, nor does it significantly contribute to drug or xenobiotic metabolism[1][2][3]. Disease associations have been reported at the genetic level, often as one of many genes in genomic studies, rather than via direct functional confirmation[2][3].
- Other names
- Cytochrome P450 4A22CYP4A22CYPIVA22Fatty acid omega-hydroxylaseLauric acid omega-hydroxylaseLong-chain fatty acid omega-monooxygenaseCytochrome P450 4A22KCytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily A, polypeptide 22
02
Biological functions
Fatty acid metabolism (omega- and omega-1 hydroxylation)Drug metabolism (minor component)Lipid homeostasis
03
Disease associations
Cancer (endometrial cancer, urinary bladder cancer)Renal diseases (familial idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, glomerulopathy, fibronectin glomerulopathy, nail-patella-like renal disease, autosomal dominant progressive nephropathy with hypertension, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 5, Liddle syndrome, Denys-Drash syndrome, primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency, atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome)Other (Bietti crystalline corneoretinal dystrophy, autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis)
04
Safety considerations
Very low expression in human tissues and questionable if functional; potential pseudogeneNot responsible for arachidonic acid/20-HETE metabolism in humans, distinguishing it from CYP4A11 or CYP4F2
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