Cytosolic sterol-binding protein (SCP or OSBP)

Cytosolic sterol-binding proteins are a generic class of intracellular proteins responsible for binding, transporting, and sensing cholesterol and other sterols within cells. They do not belong to a single protein family but encompass several structurally and functionally related proteins, such as Sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2), Oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP), OSBP-related proteins (ORPs), and StAR-related lipid transfer proteins (STARD). These proteins share a broad ability to recognize and transfer sterol molecules between cellular compartments, often through a hydrophobic internal cavity with a flexible “lid” domain[1][2][3]. Their functions include regulation of sterol distribution, involvement in lipid signaling and metabolism, and participation in vesicular and non-vesicular transport processes. Dysfunction or altered expression of these proteins is implicated in metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases[2][3]. Because "cytosolic sterol-binding proteins" is a functional, not strictly canonical, designation, individual family members should be referenced for specific drug targeting or therapeutic exploration[1][2][3].

Other names

Sterol carrier protein (SCP)SCP2 (for Sterol carrier protein 2)Oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)OSBP-related proteins (ORPs)StAR-related lipid transfer proteins (STARD)Non-specific cytosolic sterol carrier proteinOsh proteins (in yeast: Osh4, Kes1)

Blockade or modulation of sterol/lipid transfer between cellular membranes Disruption/inhibition of binding between protein and sterol ligand