D-glutamate cyclase, mitochondrial (DGLUCY)

D-glutamate cyclase, mitochondrial (DGLUCY), is an enzymatic protein found predominantly in the mitochondrial matrix, with the highest expression in the heart, followed by the kidney and liver[1][3][7][8]. It catalyzes the reversible cyclization of **D-glutamate to 5-oxo-D-proline and water**, regulating D-glutamate levels in mammalian tissues[1][3][5][8]. DGLUCY acts as a dimer and is classified as a metalloenzyme, as its activity depends on divalent cations and nucleotides such as ATP and ADP. Altered expression or function of D-glutamate cyclase leads to accumulation of D-glutamate, particularly in cardiac tissue, and has been associated with heart failure in animal models, making it relevant for the study of mitochondrial metabolism and pathology[1][5][7]. Despite its identification as a key enzyme in D-glutamate degradation, DGLUCY has not yet been established as a direct drug target, although its role in amino acid metabolism suggests potential biomarker utility for disease monitoring[5][7].

Other names

C14orf159UNQ2439/PRO5000FLJ39975UPF0317 protein C14orf1599030617O03Rik (mouse ortholog)D-glutamate cyclase, mitochondrial

Catalysis of the reversible conversion of D-glutamate to 5-oxo-D-proline and water (facilitates D-glutamate catabolism in mitochondria)