Dabie bandavirus antigen (DBV antigen (or SFTSV antigen, as SFTSV is widely used synonymously for this virus))

Dabie bandavirus antigens are proteins expressed by Dabie bandavirus (SFTSV), a tick-borne member of the Phenuiviridae family and genus Bandavirus, and primary causative agent of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). The viral genome is segmented and encodes several immunogenic proteins including: Gn and Gc glycoproteins (M segment): major structural and surface antigens, critical for viral attachment and membrane fusion. These are targets for host neutralizing antibodies and are of key interest for vaccine development. Host cell entry occurs via interaction with surface receptors such as DC-SIGN. Nucleocapsid protein (NP, S segment): encapsidates viral RNA, has high immunogenicity, and is the main target for diagnostic antibodies, but antibodies against NP are generally non-neutralizing. Nonstructural protein (NSs, S segment): plays a role in immune evasion by inhibiting interferon signaling, and can manipulate host cell machinery to benefit the virus. Serological assays for DBV antigens are core to current lab diagnosis of SFTS. Vaccine research efforts are ongoing, primarily targeting the Gn and Gc proteins for their role in virus neutralization. DBV antigenic variation requires careful vaccine and diagnostic design to ensure broad efficacy across genotypes.

Other names

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus antigenSFTSV antigenSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV)Bandavirus dabieense antigenSFTS virus antigen

Neutralizing antibodies bind to Gn and Gc, blocking viral entry and fusion. Non-neutralizing antibodies bind to NP, useful for diagnosis, but do not block viral infection. Vaccine-induced immune responses target surface antigens (Gn/Gc) to promote immunity.