dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (DCTPP1)

dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (DCTPP1) is an all-α nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphatase enzyme that hydrolyzes dCTP (deoxycytidine triphosphate) and certain genotoxic nucleotide analogs into their monophosphate forms, thereby controlling intracellular dNTP pools and protecting the genome from misincorporation of damaging nucleotides[1][2][3][7]. DCTPP1 is ubiquitously expressed in both cytosolic and nuclear compartments and is structurally related to the MazG-like NTP pyrophosphatase superfamily[1][3][7]. It plays a key role in cellular DNA synthesis fidelity, regulation of DNA methylation (via 5-methyl-dCTP hydrolysis), and cell cycle processes[1][7]. Aberrant expression of DCTPP1 is associated with several tumor types, influencing tumor growth, stem cell maintenance, and resistance to chemotherapy—particularly cisplatin—through modulation of nucleotide metabolism, oxidative stress responses, and DNA repair mechanisms[4][7]. This crucial functional link with nucleoside/nucleotide analog metabolism has made DCTPP1 a promising drug target and prognostic biomarker in cancer biology[4][5][7].

Other names

XTP3TPARS21C6CDA03dCTPase 1Deoxycytidine-triphosphatase 1XTP3-transactivated gene A proteinXTP3-transactivated protein A

Inhibition of DCTPP1 leads to accumulation of dCTP or analogs and sensitizes cells to nucleoside analogs and cytotoxic agents Modulation of dCTP and methyl-dCTP pools affects DNA synthesis, methylation, and cell viability