Delta inulin (Advax) (Advax)

Advax is a proprietary vaccine adjuvant technology based on delta inulin, a unique microcrystalline isoform of the plant-derived polysaccharide inulin (Honda-Okubo et al., 2012; Petrovsky, 2021). Unlike traditional adjuvants such as alum or Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, Advax is non-inflammatory and enhances both humoral and cellular immune responses by modulating the activity of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (Petrovsky, 2021; Honda-Okubo et al., 2012). Recent research has identified the C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN (CD209) as a primary cellular receptor for Advax, facilitating its uptake and subsequent immune modulation (Stewart et al., 2024; Honda-Okubo et al., 2025). Advax has been successfully utilized in clinical trials and licensed vaccines, such as the SpikoGen COVID-19 vaccine, demonstrating a high safety profile and potent dose-sparing effects (Honda-Okubo et al., 2023; Petrovsky, 2021). It is particularly noted for its ability to induce a balanced Th1/Th2 response and long-lived immune memory across a wide range of infectious diseases and allergic conditions (Honda-Okubo et al., 2012; Wanandy et al., 2019). The adjuvant's unique mechanism allows it to provide significant antigen-sparing while maintaining a superior safety profile with minimal local or systemic reactogenicity.

Other names

Delta inulinInulin microparticlesAdvax adjuvantAdvax-SM

Advax (delta inulin) acts as a vaccine adjuvant by binding to the DC-SIGN (CD209) receptor on dendritic cells and macrophages, which enhances antigen uptake and presentation to T cells, promoting a balanced Th1/Th2 immune response and long-term memory without inducing inflammatory cytokines.