Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM)

Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) is a bioactive material derived from the organic matrix of teeth, primarily composed of Type I collagen (approximately 90%) and non-collagenous proteins, including essential growth factors like Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs). It is prepared by removing the mineral component (hydroxyapatite) from dentin, which exposes these sequestered growth factors and enhances the material's osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. In clinical practice, DDM is utilized as a bone graft substitute or scaffold in regenerative dentistry and maxillofacial surgery to promote the repair of alveolar bone defects and facilitate dental implant placement. While it serves as a therapeutic agent or medical device component rather than a traditional pharmacological target, its biological activity is central to modern tissue engineering strategies for bone and tooth regeneration.

Other names

Demineralized tooth matrixDTMDecalcified dentin matrixAutogenous demineralized dentin matrixADDM

Demineralized dentin matrix acts as a bioactive scaffold that releases endogenous growth factors, such as Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β), to induce the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts (osteoinduction) while providing a structural framework for new bone growth (osteoconduction).