Dental calculus matrix proteins

Dental calculus matrix proteins represent the diverse array of host and microbial proteins trapped within the mineralized structure of dental tartar. This complex proteome includes host salivary proteins like statherin and proline-rich proteins, which facilitate initial bacterial attachment, as well as immune-related proteins such as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) and immunoglobulins that reflect the host's inflammatory response to the biofilm (Jersie-Christensen et al., 2018; Warinner et al., 2014). Microbial proteins within the matrix contribute to the metabolic environment and structural stability of the calcified plaque (Sorsa et al., 2016). While not a single therapeutic target, the matrix is a focal point for preventive dentistry, where agents like pyrophosphates and zinc salts are used to inhibit the mineralization process by binding to hydroxyapatite crystals (White, 1997). The study of these proteins provides critical insights into the pathophysiology of periodontal diseases and serves as a valuable tool in paleoproteomics for reconstructing ancient health and diets (Warinner et al., 2014). Furthermore, the entrapment of these proteins within the mineral matrix protects them from degradation, allowing for the long-term preservation of biological information.

Other names

Dental tartar proteomeExtracellular proteins in dental calculus matrixCalcified dental plaque matrix proteinsDental calculus organic matrix

Inhibition of hydroxyapatite crystal growth and mineralization by binding to crystal surfaces within the matrix.