Dentin mineral phase

The dentin mineral phase is the inorganic component of dentin, primarily composed of carbonated hydroxyapatite crystals embedded within a collagenous matrix [1]. It constitutes approximately 70% of dentin by weight, providing the essential hardness and structural integrity required for masticatory function while acting as a protective barrier for the underlying dental pulp [2]. In pathological conditions such as dental caries, this mineral phase undergoes demineralization due to organic acids produced by cariogenic bacteria, leading to the breakdown of tooth structure [3]. Therapeutic interventions target the dentin mineral phase to promote remineralization, utilizing agents like fluoride to facilitate the formation of fluorapatite, which is significantly more resistant to acid than the original hydroxyapatite [4][5]. Additionally, the mineral phase is a primary target in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, where various agents are applied to occlude exposed dentinal tubules and stabilize the mineral surface [6].

Other names

Dentinal mineralDentin hydroxyapatiteCarbonated hydroxyapatiteTooth mineral phase

Promotion of remineralization through the formation of fluorapatite, occlusion of dentinal tubules to reduce fluid movement and sensitivity, and enhancement of structural resistance to acid dissolution.