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Deoxyribonuclease 1 (DNase I) is an endonuclease enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of DNA, cleaving phosphodiester bonds to yield fragments with 5'-phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends. DNase I acts on both single-stranded and double-stranded DNA, as well as chromatin. It plays several physiological roles, including digesting extracellular nucleoproteins, involvement in apoptosis-related DNA fragmentation, and working alongside DNASE1L3 to degrade neutrophil extracellular traps. Mutations or reduced activity of DNase I have been linked to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recombinant human DNase I is used therapeutically in cystic fibrosis patients.
Hydrolyzes DNA phosphodiester bonds
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