DExD-box helicase 21 (DDX21)

DExD-box helicase 21 (DDX21) is a multifunctional RNA helicase belonging to the DEAD-box (DExD-box) family, with a distinct Asp–Glu–Val–Asp motif. Mainly localized in the nucleolus, DDX21 is crucial for the processing and modification of ribosomal RNA, regulation of RNA polymerase I and II transcription, and maintenance of RNA structure, including resolving R loops and G-quadruplexes. It has ATPase and RNA foldase activities in addition to its core helicase activity. DDX21 regulates both cell proliferation and apoptosis, and is implicated in cancer biology and immune responses to viral infection. Abnormal DDX21 expression or regulation has been linked to tumorigenesis, DNA damage responses, and certain autoimmune diseases. Although not currently a common therapeutic drug target, its diverse functions and roles in cancer and antiviral responses make it a potential candidate for future interventions[1][2][3][4].

Other names

Nucleolar RNA helicase 2RH-II/GUGURDBGu-alphaDEAD box protein 21Gu proteinRNA helicase II/Gu alphanucleolar RNA helicase Gunucleolar RNA helicase IIRH II/GuGUAII/GuRHRH-II/GuA

Inhibition or modulation of helicase activity; Regulation of post-translational modifications (e.g., acetylation/deacetylation affecting helicase function)