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Dietary Phosphorus

Molecular classification: Mineral, Nutrient

Overview

Dietary phosphorus, often present as phosphate, is an essential mineral naturally found in many foods and available as a dietary supplement. It plays critical roles in the body, including forming bones and teeth, being a component of DNA/RNA/ATP (energy metabolism), activating enzymes, maintaining blood pH balance, and supporting nerve and muscle function. It is absorbed from the diet, regulated by the kidneys, bones, and intestines, and is crucial for overall health. Excessive intake, especially with impaired kidney function, can lead to hyperphosphatemia and associated cardiovascular risks.

Other names: PhosphateDietary Phosphate

Biological functions

Bone and teeth formationEnergy metabolism (ATP)Cell membrane structureDNA/RNA synthesisEnzyme activationAcid-base balanceNerve and muscle function

Disease associations

Bone disorders (e.g., osteoporosis, bone pain/weakness)Cardiovascular disease (via vascular calcification)Hyperphosphatemia (in kidney disease)Metabolic disturbances (in deficiency)

Safety considerations

Hyperphosphatemia (especially in kidney disease)Vascular calcificationPotential for increased osteoporosis risk with high phosphorus to calcium ratio

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