DNA-apurinic apyrimidinic site lyase (AP lyase)

DNA AP lyase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the repair of damaged DNA by cleaving the phosphodiester backbone at abasic sites (sites where a purine or pyrimidine base has been lost). This activity is essential for maintaining genomic stability and preventing mutations. It functions within the base excision repair (BER) pathway. In humans, the major protein with this function is encoded by genes such as APEX1. APEX1 also participates in redox regulation beyond its repair role.

Other names

AP endonuclease class IEndodeoxyribonuclease (apurinic or apyrimidinic)Deoxyribonuclease (apurinic or apyrimidinic)E. coli endonuclease IIIPhage-T4 UV endonucleaseMicrococcus luteus UV endonucleaseX-ray endonuclease III

Cleavage of the C-O-P bond on the 3' side of abasic sites in DNA via a β-elimination reaction