DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit E (POLR1E)

DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit E (POLR1E) is a key structural and functional component of RNA polymerase I, a multi-subunit enzyme complex specialized for the transcription of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) into precursor rRNA in the nucleolus[3][1][4][5]. POLR1E, also referred to as RPA49, forms a heterodimer with RPA34 and plays a crucial role in promoting elongation and processivity of Pol I during rRNA synthesis[1][3]. As a central regulator of ribosome biogenesis, POLR1E is vital for sustaining high levels of cell growth and proliferation. Dysregulation of POLR1E or Pol I activity is implicated in several human diseases: Pol I activity is upregulated in many cancers to support increased protein synthesis demands, while mutations in Pol I subunits can lead to developmental disorders known as ribosomopathies (e.g., Treacher Collins syndrome)[3][4]. Inhibitors targeting Pol I or its transcription machinery are being explored as anti-cancer therapies[1][3].

Other names

RNA polymerase I subunit RPA49PAF53PRAF1RNA polymerase I subunit A49RNA polymerase I-associated factor 1RNA polymerase I-associated factor 53FLJ13390FLJ13970RPA49A49polymerase (RNA) I associated factor 1polymerase (RNA) I polypeptide E, 53kDapolymerase (RNA) I subunit E

Inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis, leading to nucleolar stress and apoptosis in cancer cells