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DNA polymerase beta (Pol β) is a small, essential eukaryotic enzyme primarily involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, which is crucial for repairing damaged DNA and maintaining genome stability. It consists of two main domains: an N-terminal 8 kDa domain with 5′-deoxyribose phosphate (dRP) lyase activity and a C-terminal 31 kDa domain with DNA polymerase activity. Pol β plays a central role in BER by excising damaged bases and filling in resulting single-nucleotide gaps with new nucleotides. Levels of Pol β decline with age in various tissues, correlating with decreased BER capacity and increased accumulation of DNA damage. Pol β can be inhibited by certain chemotherapeutic agents, and inhibiting it may sensitize cells to DNA-damaging agents used in cancer therapy.
Inhibition of DNA Polymerase Beta
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