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DNA Polymerases
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme
01
Overview
DNA polymerases are the primary enzymes responsible for DNA synthesis. These enzymes catalyze the addition of deoxyribonucleotides to a growing DNA strand, using an existing strand as a template and requiring a primer with a free 3′-hydroxyl group to initiate synthesis. The process is essential for cell division and is targeted by several chemotherapeutic agents, including cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil.
- Other names
- DNA synthesis enzyme
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of DNA synthesis by various mechanisms including nucleotide depletion, DNA crosslinking, and topoisomerase II inhibition.
03
Biological functions
Genome duplicationCell cycle progressionDNA replication
04
Disease associations
Cancer
05
Safety considerations
MyelosuppressionCardiotoxicity (for anthracyclines)Development of resistanceDrug-drug interactions
06
Interacting drugs
Cyclophosphamide
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
TYMS expression (for fluorouracil)DPYD variants (for fluorouracil)CYP2C19 variants (for cyclophosphamide)
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