DNA repair enzyme

DNA repair enzymes are a broad family of enzymes responsible for the recognition and correction of a variety of DNA lesions to maintain genome integrity[2][4][3]. Major subclasses include glycosylases, polymerases, endonucleases, photolyases, and dioxygenases, each typically specialized for a particular repair pathway (e.g., base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, direct reversal, or recombination repair)[1][2][3][5]. Dysfunction in DNA repair enzymes is associated with increased mutation rates and susceptibility to diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders[3]. Therapies targeting these enzymes, for instance PARP inhibitors, exploit tumor-specific DNA repair deficiencies to induce synthetic lethality, making DNA repair enzymes a significant focus in oncology drug development[4].

Other names

DNA repair proteinDNA repair enzyme familyDNA repair machinery

Inhibition of specific DNA repair pathways (e.g., PARP inhibition blocks single-strand break repair, leading to synthetic lethality in tumor cells with homologous recombination defects); Modulation or activation of repair enzymes to restore DNA integrity