DNA repair protein XRCC2 (XRCC2)

DNA repair protein XRCC2 is a member of the RAD51 paralog family crucial for repairing DNA double-strand breaks via homologous recombination, maintaining chromosome stability, and suppressing chromosomal aberrations[1][2][3]. XRCC2 forms the BCDX2 multiprotein complex (with RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D), which acts as a molecular chaperone in coordinating RAD51 filament assembly and stabilization at sites of DNA damage[3][5]. Loss of XRCC2 function causes genetic instability, hypersensitivity to DNA-crosslinking agents, and developmental defects (as observed in knock-out animals). Mutations in XRCC2 are associated with Fanconi anemia (subtype FA-U) and increased cancer risk, especially breast cancer, underscoring its tumor suppressor role[3][5]. XRCC2 is not a classical druggable target, but its status determines sensitivity to DNA repair inhibitors such as PARP inhibitors due to synthetic lethality, making its mutation or loss a key biomarker for targeted therapy decisions[5].

Other names

FANCUX-ray repair cross-complementing protein 2RAD51-like proteinPOF17SPGF50DNA repair protein XRCC2Epididymis secretory sperm binding proteinX-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 2

Synthetic lethality (with PARP inhibitors when XRCC2 or homologous recombination is defective); Inhibition of DNA repair in HR-deficient cells