Doxorubicin

Doxorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used as an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent. It exerts its effects primarily by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase II activity—this prevents proper replication and transcription of genetic material in rapidly dividing cells. Additionally, doxorubicin generates free radicals that contribute further to cellular damage. While highly effective against many cancers such as breast cancer and lymphomas, its clinical use can be limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity and other adverse effects. "Doxorubicin" should not appear in lists of molecular targets—it refers exclusively to the small-molecule anticancer agent/drug rather than any protein or nucleic acid that could serve as such.

Other names

AdriamycinHydroxydaunorubicinDoxorubicinaDoxorubicinumMTC-DOX

Intercalates into DNA via its planar aromatic chromophore. Inhibits topoisomerase II by stabilizing its complex with DNA after strand breakage. Induces free radical formation leading to cytotoxicity. Causes histone eviction from chromatin and disrupts transcriptional regulation.