Target intelligence / Profile preview

Dynein axonemal heavy chain 1 (DNAH1)

Target
DNAH1
Molecular classification
Motor protein, Microtubule-associated protein, Axonemal dynein (inner dynein arm), Cytoskeletal protein
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Overview

Dynein axonemal heavy chain 1 (DNAH1) is a large motor protein that forms part of the inner dynein arm complex in sperm flagella and motile cilia. It is crucial for generating the force required for flagellar and ciliary motion by hydrolyzing ATP to move along microtubules and supports structural integrity between radial spokes and outer doublet microtubules. Mutations in DNAH1 disrupt the axoneme structure, resulting in multiple morphological abnormalities of sperm flagella (MMAF), asthenozoospermia, and male infertility. DNAH1-related dysfunction also causes primary ciliary dyskinesia in some cases, but patients may present variation based on mutation specifics. DNAH1 is not currently a direct therapeutic target and there are no known small-molecule drugs that modulate its function.

Other names
DNAHC1HDHC7HL-11HL11HSRF-1XLHSRF-1SPGF18CILD37Axonemal beta dynein heavy chain 1Ciliary dynein heavy chain 1Heat shock regulated protein 1hDHC7Testicular tissue protein Li 60
02

Biological functions

Sperm flagellum motilityCiliary motion/beatingATP hydrolysisForce generation along microtubulesAxoneme assembly and structural support
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Disease associations

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (specifically Ciliary Dyskinesia, Primary, 37)Male infertility (esp. due to multiple morphological anomalies of the flagella, MMAF, and asthenozoospermia)Spermatogenic failure 18
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Safety considerations

Loss of DNAH1 function leads to male infertility, but no reports of therapeutic targeting; not known to be essential for viability in humans, but disruption causes infertility and flagellar/ciliary defects
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Biomarkers

Loss-of-function mutations in DNAH1 as a diagnostic biomarker for MMAF/male infertilityAbsence of DNAH1 protein in sperm tail (for immunostaining in diagnosis)

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