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Ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 1 (ENOX1)
- Target
- ENOX1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Oxidoreductase, Protein disulfide-thiol exchanger, Plasma membrane protein
01
Overview
Ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 1 (ENOX1) is a highly conserved cell-surface enzyme that functions as both a NADH oxidase and a protein disulfide–thiol exchanger, exhibiting oscillatory redox activity with a ~24-minute cycle[1][2]. ENOX1 is widely expressed, notably in endothelial cells, where it regulates intracellular NADH levels, redox homeostasis, cell migration, angiogenesis, and ultradian (biological clock) rhythms[1][2]. Aberrant ENOX1 expression or function is associated with vascular pathologies (e.g., diabetic retinopathy, acute coronary syndrome), cancer, myasthenia gravis, and possibly neuronal disorders, positioning it as a potential therapeutic target—particularly for antiangiogenic strategies in oncology[1][2].
- Other names
- Ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 1Hydroquinone [NADH] oxidaseProtein disulfide-thiol oxidoreductasePIG38cCNOXcNOXFLJ10094Candidate growth-related and time keeping constitutive hydroquinone [NADH] oxidaseCell proliferation-inducing gene 38 proteinConstitutive Ecto-NOXecto-NADPH oxidase disulfide-thiol exchanger 1bA64J21.1
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of ENOX1 suppresses NADH oxidase activity, impairs angiogenesis, and enhances tumor stroma radiosensitivity[1]
03
Biological functions
Plasma membrane electron transportNADH/hydroquinone oxidase activityProtein disulfide-thiol interchangeRedox homeostasisAngiogenesisCell proliferationRegulation of ultradian/cellular biological clock
04
Disease associations
Cancer (e.g., prostate cancer, gastric cancer)Diabetic retinopathyAcute coronary syndromeVascular diseasesFamilial autoimmune myasthenia gravisPossibly roles in neuronal/cognitive disorders
05
Safety considerations
Inhibition could impact vascular development and function[1]Potential broad effects due to role in redox regulation and vascular biology[1]
06
Interacting drugs
VJ115 (experimental, antiangiogenic inhibitor of ENOX1)[1]
07
Biomarkers
Elevated ENOX1 expression in diabetic retinopathy and acute coronary syndrome[1]Genetic alterations correlated with aggressive prostate cancer and myasthenia gravis[1]
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