Electron transfer reactions

Electron transfer reactions are chemical processes whereby electrons are transferred from one molecule, atom, or ion to another, typically involving oxidation of the donor and reduction of the acceptor[1][5][9]. These reactions underpin all redox chemistry and are fundamental to major biological energy conversion pathways, including cellular respiration and photosynthesis[2][7][8]. They can occur via different mechanisms such as the inner-sphere (involving a ligand bridge between reactants) or outer-sphere (no covalent bridging, electron "hops" through space)[1][3][5]. In biology, electron transfer supports ATP synthesis in mitochondria, catalysis by redox enzymes, and redox signaling; dysregulation of these reactions is implicated in various diseases[2][8]. While specific enzymes, proteins, or cofactors that mediate electron transfer are bona fide drug targets, the general process of electron transfer reaction itself is not an individual therapeutic target but a category of processes carried out by multiple components.

Other names

redox reactionETelectron-transfer reaction

Modulation of redox state; Alteration of mitochondrial electron flow; Inhibition or enhancement of electron transport chain enzymes