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Enamel Hydroxyapatite
- Molecular classification
- Mineral, Calcium Phosphate, Biomaterial
01
Overview
Enamel hydroxyapatite is the primary mineral component of tooth enamel, accounting for approximately 97% of its composition. It provides structural integrity to teeth but can dissolve under acidic conditions, leading to dental caries. It's a target for remineralization therapies and is used as an active ingredient in modern toothpaste. Unlike pure hydroxyapatite, enamel hydroxyapatite incorporates various ionic substitutions, affecting its properties and reactivity.
- Other names
- HydroxyapatiteCa₅(PO₄)₃OHBiological ApatiteCarbonated HydroxyapatiteHA
02
Mechanism of action
Hydroxyapatite toothpaste deposits mineral ions directly into demineralized enamel, filling microscopic gaps and promoting remineralization. Fluoride promotes remineralization by forming fluorapatite, a more acid-resistant mineral.
03
Biological functions
Structural component of tooth enamelProvides hardness and resistance to wearMineral reservoir for remineralizationIon exchange
04
Disease associations
Dental Caries (susceptibility)Tooth sensitivity (related to enamel loss)
05
Safety considerations
Demineralization under acidic conditionsPotential for enamel erosion
06
Interacting drugs
Fluoride (indirectly strengthens enamel)
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