Endothelial cell plasma membrane lipid bilayer

The endothelial cell plasma membrane lipid bilayer is a complex, dynamic structure that serves as the primary interface between the blood and the vessel wall. It is composed of a variety of lipids, including phospholipids, cholesterol, and sphingolipids, which organize into functional domains like lipid rafts and caveolae to facilitate signal transduction and mechanosensing (Frank et al., 2003; PubMed: 12644861). This bilayer maintains vascular homeostasis by regulating the passage of fluids, ions, and cells, a function that is often compromised in conditions such as atherosclerosis, sepsis, and chronic inflammation (Escribá et al., 2008; PubMed: 18458323). While not a traditional molecular target like a specific receptor, its physical properties are influenced by drugs such as general anesthetics and statins, which can alter membrane fluidity and the activity of associated proteins (Powl and Wright, 2011; PubMed: 21851545). Consequently, the endothelial membrane is a critical factor in drug pharmacokinetics and a potential site for membrane-lipid therapy and targeted drug delivery.

Other names

Endothelial plasma membraneVascular endothelial cell membraneEndothelial lipid bilayer

Modulation of membrane fluidity, disruption of lipid raft organization, and alteration of the biophysical environment for membrane-embedded proteins (Escribá et al., 2008; Powl and Wright, 2011).