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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 (ELMO1)
- Target
- ELMO1
- Molecular classification
- Cytoplasmic signaling protein, GTPase regulator/guanine nucleotide exchange factor partner, Rac signaling regulator, Scaffold/adaptor protein
01
Overview
Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 (ELMO1) is a cytoplasmic signaling adaptor that partners primarily with DOCK180 to act as a bipartite GEF for Rac1. This interaction, involving unique domain architecture such as an Armadillo domain and a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, orchestrates major cellular functions including phagocytosis, cell migration, and survival. ELMO1's functions span normal developmental processes (neural and vascular) and pathological roles in cancer, where it promotes cell invasion, migration, survival, and resistance to apoptosis. Its expression levels in tumors correlate with poor prognosis, making it a potential cancer biomarker and an emerging therapeutic target.
- Other names
- ELMO1KIAA0281CED-12CED12Engulfment and cell motility 1ced-12 homolog 1Protein ced-12 homologELMO-1
02
Mechanism of action
Drugs targeting ELMO1 would theoretically inhibit its interaction with DOCK180 or its downstream activation of Rac1, resulting in reduced cell migration, invasion, and enhanced apoptosis in cancer cells.
03
Biological functions
Phagocytosis of apoptotic cellsCell migrationCytoskeletal remodelingApoptosis regulationNeuronal development (including neurite outgrowth and axon sorting)Angiogenesis/blood vessel formation
04
Disease associations
Cancer (promotes migration, invasion, survival, and is linked to poor prognosis in several cancers, e.g., gastric cancer)InflammationNeurological/neurodevelopmental disordersCardiovascular disease (roles in angiogenesis and blood vessel development)
05
Safety considerations
As ELMO1 regulates apoptosis and cell survival, therapeutic inhibition could affect normal tissue homeostasis (e.g., immune and neuronal cell survival)There are risks of impaired wound healing or vascular development due to roles in angiogenesis
06
Biomarkers
ELMO1 protein expression can serve as a prognostic tumor biomarker, correlating with tumor size, stage, metastasis, and survival (e.g., in gastric cancer)Ki-67 labeling index (cell proliferation marker) is higher in ELMO1-positive tumors
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