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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit (LTB)
- Target
- LTB
- Molecular classification
- Toxin subunit, Protein
01
Overview
The Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) heat-labile toxin B subunit (LTB) is a component of the AB5-type exotoxin produced by ETEC. LTB is responsible for binding the holotoxin to host cell membranes and plays key roles in both pathogenesis and immunogenicity. It acts as a strong mucosal adjuvant, enhancing immune responses when used in vaccines or as part of fusion proteins. LTB itself is highly immunogenic and has been explored as a vaccine candidate against ETEC-induced diarrhea.
02
Mechanism of action
Binds to GM1 gangliosides on intestinal epithelial cells, facilitating entry of the enzymatically active A subunit into cells. The A subunit ADP-ribosylates Gsα protein leading to increased cAMP levels, activating CFTR channels causing chloride ion secretion into gut lumen, resulting in watery diarrhea.
03
Biological functions
Membrane bindingAdjuvant activityImmunogenFacilitating toxin entry
04
Disease associations
InfectionDiarrheal disease
05
Safety considerations
Potential for immunogenicityAntigenic variation between LT types
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