Enzyme Systems

Enzyme systems refer to collections of enzymes—biological catalysts—that accelerate and regulate chemical reactions in living organisms. These systems are essential for virtually all physiological processes, including metabolism, DNA replication, digestion, signal transduction, and detoxification. Enzymes themselves are typically proteins (though some RNA molecules can also have catalytic activity) that act on specific substrates to convert them into products by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction. According to the International Union of Biochemists (IUB), enzymes are classified into six major classes based on their catalytic activity: Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases, Ligases. Enzyme synthesis and activity are tightly regulated by Genetic control, allosteric regulation and compartmentalization.

Enzyme inhibition; Enzyme activation; Substrate analog; Transition state analog