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Epigenome

Molecular classification: DNA modification, Histone modification, Chromatin remodeling, Non-coding RNA

Overview

The epigenome refers to the complete set of chemical modifications to DNA and its associated proteins (primarily histones) within a cell. These modifications do not alter the underlying DNA sequence but profoundly influence gene expression, determining when, where, and how genes are turned on or off. The epigenome is dynamic and can be shaped by developmental cues, environmental factors (such as diet, stress, toxins), and even experiences passed down from previous generations.

Biological functions

Gene expression regulationCellular differentiationDevelopmentTransposable element suppressionEnvironmental adaptationMemory formation

Disease associations

CancerDevelopmental disordersNeurodegenerative diseaseOther

Safety considerations

Off-target effectsLimited understanding of long-term consequencesReversibility of epigenetic modifications

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