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Ergosterol biosynthesis pathway
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme
01
Overview
The ergosterol biosynthesis pathway is essential for fungal cell membrane integrity and is a crucial target for antifungal drugs. Ergosterol is the main sterol in fungal cell membranes, analogous to cholesterol in animal cells. Inhibition of ergosterol synthesis disrupts membrane function, leading to cell death or growth inhibition. Different enzymes in the pathway are targeted by different classes of antifungal agents.
- Other names
- Ergosterol synthesisErgosterol production
02
Mechanism of action
Azoles inhibit lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme, which is essential for the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Allylamines inhibit squalene epoxidase, an enzyme involved in the early steps of ergosterol synthesis.
03
Biological functions
Cell membrane integrityCell wall synthesisFungal growth
04
Disease associations
Fungal infectionsSeborrheic dermatitisDandruffTinea versicolorDermatophytoses
05
Safety considerations
Drug resistanceHepatotoxicity (with some azoles)Drug interactions (azoles are CYP inhibitors)
06
Interacting drugs
Azoles (e.g., Ketoconazole, Fluconazole, Itraconazole)
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