ESAT-6-like protein EsxH (TB10.4 / EsxH)

TB10.4 antigen (EsxH) is a small, secreted immunodominant protein from *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*, belonging to the ESAT-6 family and encoded by the gene Rv0288[1][3][6]. It is highly recognized by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in humans and mice following infection or BCG vaccination, with specific epitopes inducing robust type 1 helper and cytotoxic responses[1][3][4][6]. Polymorphisms in TB10.4 can impact antigenicity and alter immune recognition, contributing to immune evasion strategies by *M. tuberculosis*[2]. TB10.4 has emerged as a promising subunit vaccine candidate, with research demonstrating its value in eliciting protection in experimental vaccine models, though successful implementation depends on adjuvant use and host genetic factors[3][4]. It does not have direct interactions with conventional drugs but is a target for vaccine design and immunodiagnostics[3][4][6]. The protein presents diverse epitopes, with the immunodominance and T-cell response patterns varying between infection, vaccination, and recombinant protein exposure[3][4][6].

Other names

EsxHRv0288TB10.4 proteinESAT-6 family antigenTB10.4 antigen

Vaccines targeting TB10.4 induce strong Th1-polarized CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. Experimental vectors (e.g., CyaA toxoid, adenylate cyclase) are used. This mechanism is not applicable for small-molecule drug action.