Escherichia coli F41 fimbrial adhesin (F41)

The Escherichia coli F41 fimbrial adhesin is a filamentous surface protein produced by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains, which are major pathogens in neonatal livestock such as calves and piglets (UniProt: P05824). It belongs to a class of bacterial adhesins that facilitate the specific binding of the pathogen to the glycoprotein or glycolipid receptors on the host's intestinal brush border membranes (PubMed: 2855411). This attachment is essential for bacterial colonization and the subsequent release of enterotoxins that lead to severe secretory diarrhea, dehydration, and potential mortality (PubMed: 6373833). F41 is often found in conjunction with other fimbrial antigens like K99 (F5), and its expression is regulated by environmental factors such as temperature and nutrient availability (PubMed: 1982475). Due to its critical role in the early stages of infection, F41 is a key target for the development of veterinary vaccines, which aim to stimulate the production of antibodies that block bacterial adhesion (Merck Veterinary Manual). These vaccines are typically administered to pregnant dams to ensure the transfer of protective antibodies to the offspring via colostrum (Zoetis: ScourGuard).

Other names

F41 fimbriaeF41 pilusF41 adhesinF41 major subunitF41a

Vaccine-induced antibodies bind to the F41 adhesin, sterically blocking its interaction with host intestinal receptors and preventing bacterial colonization (PubMed: 2855411).