Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit G (EIF3G)

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit G (EIF3G) is a core component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) multiprotein complex, which is essential for the initiation of mRNA translation. EIF3G is an RNA-binding protein required for several distinct steps during the initiation of protein synthesis, including the assembly of the 43S pre-initiation complex (PIC) by associating with the 40S ribosomal subunit and facilitating the recruitment of other eIFs and methionyl-tRNA, the stimulation of mRNA binding and scanning for the translation start site, and recycling of ribosomes after translation termination[3]. EIF3G specifically regulates the translation of mRNAs with complex long and GC-rich 5' untranslated regions (5'UTRs), and plays specialized roles in tissue- or context-specific translation, such as regulating neuronal protein synthesis and activity, as shown in both *C. elegans* and human studies[1][2]. Dysregulation of EIF3G or the entire eIF3 complex has been linked to various human diseases, especially cancers and neurological disorders[1][3]. Targeting EIF3G would be extremely challenging due to its non-redundant, essential role in general protein synthesis and the likelihood of broad cellular toxicity. No drugs currently target EIF3G directly.

Other names

EIF3GEIF3S4eIF3geIF-3 RNA-binding subuniteIF3-deltaeIF3-p44Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 RNA-binding subunitEukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 4eIF3 p42eIF3 p44EIF3-P42eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit p42eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit 4 delta, 44kDa[3]

Not applicable (no direct drug actions; the protein is part of a translation complex; mechanisms would hypothetically include modulation of translation initiation)