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Extracellular Free Ionized Calcium (None)
- Target
- None
- Molecular classification
- Inorganic cation, Ion
01
Overview
Extracellular free ionized calcium refers to the fraction of calcium in the blood that is not bound to proteins or anions, but exists as free Ca2+ ions. This form is the biologically active form, directly available for cellular processes and physiological functions. It plays a critical role in muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, blood coagulation, hormone secretion, enzyme activity regulation, and bone mineralization. The concentration of extracellular ionized calcium is tightly regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D metabolites, which control absorption from the gut, release from bone, and renal excretion.
- Other names
- Ionized CalciumFree CalciumCa2+
02
Mechanism of action
N/A
03
Biological functions
Muscle contractionNerve impulse transmissionBlood coagulationHormone secretionEnzyme activity regulationBone mineralizationCell signaling
04
Disease associations
HypocalcemiaHypercalcemiaParathyroid disordersChronic kidney diseaseVitamin D imbalancesMalignancy-related bone resorptionCritical illness
05
Safety considerations
Hypocalcemia: neuromuscular irritability, tetany, seizuresHypercalcemia: arrhythmias, kidney stones, neuropsychiatric symptoms
06
Interacting drugs
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Serum ionized calcium levels
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