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Extracellular Matrix Polysaccharide

Molecular classification: Glycosaminoglycan, Polysaccharide

Overview

Extracellular matrix (ECM) polysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers that play critical structural and functional roles in the ECM. These polysaccharides are primarily found as components of proteoglycans—molecules consisting of a core protein with one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains—or as free GAGs such as hyaluronic acid. They contribute to tissue architecture, hydration, growth factor regulation, and cellular signaling. Dysregulation or abnormal remodeling of ECM polysaccharides is implicated in diseases such as fibrosis, cancer progression, and osteoarthritis.

Biological functions

Structural supportHydrationGrowth factor/cytokine reservoirCellular signalingCell adhesionCell migrationCell proliferationCell differentiationCell survival

Disease associations

FibrosisCancer progressionCancer metastasisChronic inflammationOsteoarthritisVascular disorders

Safety considerations

Dysregulation can lead to various diseasesRemodeling enzymes (MMPs) can be involved in pathological processes

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