Family with sequence similarity 3 member A (FAM3A)

Family with sequence similarity 3 member A (FAM3A) is a multifunctional cytokine-like and mitochondrial protein, secreted and implicated in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, cellular energy homeostasis, and protection from cellular stress. FAM3A enhances mitochondrial ATP production and activates the ATP–P2 receptor–PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in metabolic organs, suppressing gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis and improving insulin sensitivity. It modulates angiogenesis and blood pressure in vascular cells, protects neurons from endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress, and supports insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. FAM3A expression is regulated by factors such as PPARγ and plays roles in various tissue types, offering therapeutic potential in metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. There is no evidence for approved drugs or specific biomarkers directly targeting FAM3A as of the current literature. No significant safety or therapeutic challenges reported, but research is ongoing. The protein acts broadly in metabolism and stress, being a pleiotropic regulatory molecule rather than a classical receptor or enzyme.

Other names

Protein FAM3A2-19DXS560SXAP-7Cytokine-like protein 2-19DLDfamily with sequence similarity 3, member AFAM3A_HUMANFAM3 Metabolism Regulating Signaling Molecule A