Family with sequence similarity 3 member C (FAM3C)

Family with sequence similarity 3 member C (FAM3C) is a secreted, cytokine-like protein involved in regulating mechanisms such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell proliferation, and tissue development[1][4][5]. It is highly conserved across species and broadly expressed, including notable expression in secretory epithelia and the nervous system. FAM3C is notably upregulated in several cancers, where it promotes metastasis and is considered essential for tumor formation and progression in epithelial tissues[6]. Altered expression is also associated with neurodegenerative conditions, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, where decreased levels correlate with disease onset and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. Structurally, FAM3C does not resemble classical interleukins, despite its functional analogy and alternative name as “Interleukin-like EMT inducer (ILEI)”[6]. Its exact physiological and pathological mechanisms remain under investigation, with potential roles as a therapeutic target in oncology and neurology[1][2][4].

Other names

ILEIGS3786GS3876Protein FAM3CInterleukin-like EMT inducerInterleukin-like epithelial-mesenchymal transition inducerPredicted osteoblast proteinFAM3 metabolism regulating signaling molecule Cfamily with sequence similarity 3 member C

Not established for specific drugs; therapeutics under investigation include modulation of FAM3C expression or function (gene therapy, protein inhibitors/agonists, antibodies)