Fatty acyl metabolism (FAM)

Fatty acyl metabolism represents a complex network of biochemical processes involved in the synthesis (lipogenesis), transport, and degradation (beta-oxidation) of fatty acids. It is a critical component of cellular homeostasis, providing high-density energy storage in the form of triglycerides and essential structural components for biological membranes through phospholipids [1]. Beyond structural and energetic roles, fatty acyl derivatives serve as vital signaling molecules, including eicosanoids and ligands for nuclear receptors like PPARs [2]. In various disease states, this metabolism is significantly altered; for instance, many cancers exhibit 'de novo' lipogenesis to support rapid membrane production, while metabolic disorders like NASH are characterized by excessive lipid accumulation in hepatic tissues [3]. Pharmacological targeting of this pathway often focuses on rate-limiting enzymes such as Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) [4]. While promising for treating metabolic syndrome and certain malignancies, targeting these pathways requires careful management of potential side effects, such as changes in systemic lipid profiles or skin toxicity [5]. Sources: [1] NCBI Bookshelf: Biochemistry, Fatty Acid Metabolism; [2] PubMed: PMID 31375775; [3] Nature Reviews Cancer: PMID 30206352; [4] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry: PMID 33502846; [5] UniProt: P49327 (FASN).

Other names

Fatty acid metabolismLipid metabolismFatty acid synthesis and degradationLipogenesis and Beta-oxidation

Inhibition of de novo lipogenesis enzymes (e.g., FASN, ACC inhibitors); Inhibition of fatty acid uptake or transport; Activation of fatty acid oxidation (e.g., PPAR agonists); Inhibition of gastric and pancreatic lipases.