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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1)
- Target
- FHV-1
- Molecular classification
- Herpesvirus, DNA virus, member of the Herpesviridae family, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus
01
Overview
Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) is a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family that causes feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR), a leading infectious upper respiratory tract disease in cats worldwide[1][6]. All felids are susceptible. The virus replicates in the nasal, ocular, and pharyngeal epithelium, produces acute respiratory and ocular disease, and establishes lifelong latency in neural ganglia. Clinical disease ranges from mild conjunctivitis and sneezing to severe pneumonia, corneal ulcers, and death, especially in kittens. While vaccinations are available, no curative antiviral therapy exists; infected cats may shed virus for life, posing ongoing risks for disease transmission and outbreaks[6].
- Other names
- Feline viral rhinotracheitis virusFHV-1FVR virus
02
Mechanism of action
Antivirals: inhibit viral DNA replication; Vaccines: stimulate immune response—antibody production against viral structural proteins (e.g., glycoprotein D)
03
Biological functions
Viral replication in feline epithelial tissuesLatency in neural ganglia (trigeminal ganglion)Induction of inflammation and immune responseCell lysis and tissue damage
04
Disease associations
Infection (major cause of upper respiratory tract disease in cats)Eye disease (keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration)Secondary bacterial infectionsAbortion in pregnant cats
05
Safety considerations
Lifelong latency and intermittent viral shedding even after recoveryNo curative therapy; risk of severe or fatal infection in kittens, immunocompromised, or stressed catsVaccine may not completely prevent infection due to viral latencySecondary bacterial infections requiring antibiotics
06
Interacting drugs
Antiviral agents (famciclovir)
3 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
PCR detection of FHV-1 DNA in nasal, ocular, oral, or skin swabsImmunofluorescence detection of viral proteinsClinical observation of pathognomonic corneal ulcers or conjunctivitis
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