Fibrin clot structure

Fibrin clot structure is the organized, three-dimensional meshwork of fibrin fibers resulting from the polymerization of fibrin monomers (converted from fibrinogen by thrombin) and subsequent crosslinking by Factor XIIIa. This network mechanically stabilizes the blood clot at sites of vascular injury, entrapping platelets and blood cells to prevent blood loss and providing a scaffold for wound healing and tissue repair. The structure is hierarchical, with fibrous bundles stabilized by covalent crosslinks, and is regulated by genetic (fibrinogen variants and mutations), biochemical (thrombin concentration, Factor XIII activity), and environmental factors (inflammation, oxidative stress). The architecture of the fibrin clot—fiber thickness, branch points, and degree of crosslinking—can influence resistance to fibrinolysis (clot breakdown), stability, and disease risk for thrombotic or bleeding disorders. Abnormalities in clot structure have been implicated in arterial and venous thrombosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and bleeding diatheses.

Other names

Fibrin networkFibrin meshBlood clot matrix