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Fluid Balance
- Molecular classification
- Physiological Process, Homeostatic Mechanism
01
Overview
Fluid balance is the physiological process of regulating water content within the body to maintain homeostasis. It involves a complex interplay of hormonal, renal, and neurological mechanisms to ensure that fluid intake matches fluid loss. Key molecular regulators include vasopressin (ADH), aldosterone, and aquaporins, particularly aquaporin-2, which act on the kidneys to control water and sodium reabsorption. Disruptions in fluid balance can lead to various clinical disorders, such as dehydration, edema, and electrolyte imbalances.
- Other names
- Water BalanceBody Fluid Homeostasis
02
Biological functions
Regulation of body fluid volumeRegulation of plasma osmolalityMaintenance of blood pressureElectrolyte balanceCell volume regulation
03
Disease associations
DehydrationEdemaHyponatremiaHypernatremiaHeart failureKidney diseaseDiabetes insipidus
04
Safety considerations
Overcorrection of electrolyte imbalancesFluid overloadDehydrationAdverse effects of diuretics (e.g., hypokalemia, hyponatremia)
05
Interacting drugs
Diuretics
3 more in the full profile.
06
Biomarkers
Serum osmolalityUrine osmolalitySerum sodiumSerum potassiumBlood urea nitrogen (BUN)CreatinineHematocrit
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