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Formin-2 (FMN2)
- Target
- FMN2
- Molecular classification
- Structural protein, Actin-binding protein, Cytoskeletal protein, Enzyme (actin nucleation factor), Formin homology protein family
01
Overview
Formin-2 (FMN2) is an actin-binding protein of the formin homology family, essential for actin cytoskeleton organization, spindle positioning during oogenesis, and neuron migration. FMN2 acts as an actin nucleation factor, promoting filament assembly and reorganization. It forms complexes with proteins such as SPIRE1/2 to control actin mesh formation and nuclear actin filaments. FMN2 also regulates p21 protein stability, linking cytoskeletal regulation to cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis protection. FMN2 mutations are associated with intellectual disabilities and fertility defects, and the protein is implicated as a component of cell stress and oncogenic signaling pathways.
- Other names
- FMN2formin-2Formin-2Formin 2
02
Mechanism of action
Not applicable: No documented drugs directly targeting FMN2. For future drug development: Stabilization of p21 protein, actin nucleation inhibition or modulation.
03
Biological functions
Actin filament nucleation and elongationCytoskeleton assembly and reorganizationCell polaritySpindle positioning during oogenesisCell migrationIntracellular vesicle transportCell-cycle arrest (via p21 stabilization)Nuclear actin filament assembly in response to DNA damageApoptosis protection (via CDKN1A/p21)
04
Disease associations
Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 47 (MRT47)Nonsyndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disabilityInfertility (female, linked to oogenesis defects)Cancer/stress response (via p21 stabilization)
05
Safety considerations
Possible fertility issues (spindle positioning defects, oogenesis problems)Potential neurodevelopmental effects (intellectual disability risk)Unintended cell-cycle or apoptosis modulation (if targeted therapeutically)
06
Biomarkers
FMN2 mutation status (e.g., biallelic mutations for intellectual disability)p21 protein expression levels (as FMN2 regulates p21 stability)
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