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Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂)

Target: FiO₂

Overview

Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂) is the volumetric or molar fraction of oxygen present in the gas mixture that is inhaled by a person[1][2][4][5]. In ambient air, FiO₂ is 0.21 (21%), but in medical practice, oxygen-enriched air can be supplied to increase FiO₂, typically for patients with respiratory insufficiency. Supplemental oxygen devices such as nasal cannula or masks can deliver varying FiO₂ depending on flow rate and device type[3][5]. FiO₂ is used as a clinical parameter to assess and manage hypoxemia and is integral to calculations like the PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio to determine the severity of hypoxic respiratory conditions, including ARDS[1][4][6].

Other names: Inspired oxygen fractionFiO2

Safety considerations

Oxygen toxicity at high FiO₂ levels

Biomarkers

PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio (used in ARDS and lung injury)

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