FSH receptor and LH receptor (FSHR and LHR/LHCGR)

The Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR or LHR) are structurally related glycoprotein hormone receptors, both belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily and predominantly expressed in the gonads. FSHR is essential for mediating the actions of FSH in regulating ovarian follicle maturation, granulosa cell proliferation, and spermatogenesis via Sertoli cells. LHCGR recognizes both LH and hCG to mediate ovulation, luteinization, and androgen production by Leydig cells. Both receptors transduce hormone binding signals primarily through the Gs/cAMP/PKA pathway but can activate additional cellular signaling cascades and sometimes form functional heteromers with each other, which can modulate their signaling output. Their critical roles make them central targets for drug development in reproductive medicine, especially in the treatment of infertility and assisted reproductive technologies. Note: The query provided both receptors as a single entity; however, they are distinct molecular targets that are closely related, frequently co-expressed, and sometimes physically interact through heteromerization, which can modulate signaling properties relevant to ovarian physiology.

Other names

FSHRFSH receptorfollicle-stimulating hormone receptorLHCGRLH receptorluteinizing hormone receptorchoriogonadotropin receptorLHR

Agonists (hormones or drugs) bind the extracellular domain, inducing conformational changes that activate the intracellular G protein-dependent pathways (mainly Gs/cAMP/PKA, but also Gq/PLC and β-arrestin pathways) Allosteric modulators can enhance or alter signaling