Fungal cell wall and membrane anionic surface components

Fungal cell wall and membrane anionic surface components represent a collective group of negatively charged molecules, including phosphomannans, acidic phospholipids like phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol, and sialic acids, which are essential for structural integrity and environmental adaptation (Gow et al., 2017; Lacerda et al., 2014). These components create a net negative surface charge that is a hallmark of many fungal species, distinguishing them from the relatively neutral outer membranes of host mammalian cells (Bondaryk et al., 2017). This electrostatic profile is a primary target for cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs), such as Histatin 5, LL-37, and synthetic derivatives like Pexiganan, which bind to these anionic sites (Mahlapuu et al., 2016). The interaction typically leads to membrane permeabilization, pore formation, and the leakage of vital intracellular ions and molecules, ultimately resulting in cell death. Beyond structural roles, these anionic components are involved in cell-cell adhesion and the regulation of ion homeostasis, making them critical factors in the pathogenesis of infections such as candidiasis and aspergillosis (Pathak et al., 2022). Targeting these surface features provides a mechanism for selective toxicity, although challenges such as peptide stability and potential hemolytic activity remain significant considerations in drug development.

Other names

Anionic fungal surfaceNegatively charged fungal cell wall componentsFungal surface anionsAnionic fungal phospholipids and glycans

Electrostatic binding to negatively charged surface components leading to membrane permeabilization and cell lysis.