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Gαi Protein (Gαi)
- Target
- Gαi
- Molecular classification
- Heterotrimeric G protein, G protein alpha subunit
01
Overview
The Gαi protein is a member of the heterotrimeric G protein family, specifically the "inhibitory" alpha subunit (Gαi) class. It functions as a molecular switch in signal transduction pathways initiated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The "i" stands for "inhibitory," reflecting its primary role in inhibiting adenylyl cyclase activity and thus reducing intracellular cAMP levels. It is targeted by Pertussis toxin and plays diverse physiological roles.
- Other names
- Gi alpha subunitGNAI1GNAI2GNAI3
02
Mechanism of action
ADP-ribosylation of specific cysteine residues on Gi/o proteins, blocking GPCR coupling.
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionInhibition of adenylyl cyclaseRegulation of cAMP levelsRegulation of heart rateNeurotransmissionHormone secretionImmune responsesRegulation of Golgi structure/functionMitotic spindle dynamics
04
Disease associations
Infection (Pertussis)Cardiovascular diseaseNeurological disordersImmune disorders
05
Safety considerations
Pertussis toxin-mediated disruption of Gi/o signaling can lead to various physiological consequences.
06
Interacting drugs
Pertussis toxin
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