G-patch domain-containing protein 4 (GPATCH4)

G-patch domain-containing protein 4 is a protein with an N-terminal G-patch domain and a coiled coil region, primarily localized to the nucleolus and nucleoplasm in human cells[2][3][5]. It binds RNA and interacts with nucleolar proteins, including DDX21, and plays a critical role in ribosome biogenesis by regulating rRNA transcription and nucleolar R-loop homeostasis[2][1][5]. Loss of GPATCH4 impairs cell growth, alters nucleolar structure, and reduces protein synthesis, likely due to incomplete 2′-O-methylation of rRNA and compromised nucleolar organization[2][1]. Amplification and high expression of GPATCH4 have been implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma, where it contributes to cancer cell proliferation[2][3]. GPATCH4 is not a receptor, transporter, enzyme, or ion channel, but rather a nucleolar RNA-binding regulatory protein[2][3][4].

Other names

GPATCH4G-patch domain containing 4GPTC4GPATC4