G protein-coupled receptor 107 (GPR107)

G protein-coupled receptor 107 (GPR107) is a member of the LUSTR family of proteins sharing structural similarity with classic G protein-coupled receptors, including a seven-transmembrane domain. It is an orphan receptor, widely expressed in human tissues, notably the lung, kidney, brain, heart, and liver. GPR107 is involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis of select receptors and ligands, including a proposed role as a receptor for neuronostatin and participation in the internalization of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) in podocytes. Functionally, GPR107 regulates blood glucose levels by stimulating glucagon secretion in response to hypoglycemia and is implicated in the internalization and recycling of transferrin. It is also essential for the retrograde trafficking of bacterial toxins such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. Deficiency of GPR107 promotes pathologic accumulation of collagen IV in the glomerular basement membrane, aggravating diabetic nephropathy in both animal models and human tissue, and its absence is associated with severe podocyte dysfunction and renal injury[1][2][3][5].

Other names

Protein GPR107KIAA1624LUSTR1RP11-88G17FLJ20998Lung seven transmembrane receptor 1GCDRPbA138E2.2

No direct drugs known, but functional studies implicate GPR107 in the endocytosis and trafficking of AT1R and potential modulation of responses to angiotensin II signaling[2]. Targeting may modulate extracellular matrix accumulation in kidney disease[2].