G protein-coupled receptor 157 (GPR157)

G protein-coupled receptor 157 (GPR157) is an orphan GPCR predominantly expressed in the primary cilia of radial glial progenitors (RGPs) during early cortical development, where it acts as a transducer of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-derived signals to promote neuronal differentiation[1][2][4]. It couples with the Gq-class of heterotrimeric G-proteins, activating the phospholipase C–IP3–Ca(2+) signaling cascade, and plays a critical role in the positive regulation of neurogenesis during corticogenesis[1][2]. Loss or knockdown of GPR157 impairs neuronal differentiation of RGPs, indicating its importance for normal brain development[1][4]. Currently, GPR157 is classified as an orphan receptor, with no endogenous ligand identified, and has been genetically associated with Schnyder corneal dystrophy[3]. No targeted drugs or well-established clinical applications have been reported for GPR157 at present.

Other names

GPR157FLJ12132probable G-protein coupled receptor 157

Activation of Gq-protein signaling; Coupling to phospholipase C (PLC)–IP3–Ca(2+) pathway, leading to increased intracellular calcium