G protein-coupled receptor 83 (GPR83)

G protein-coupled receptor 83 (GPR83) is an orphan GPCR, predominantly expressed in the brain (notably the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus) and thymus, functioning primarily in neuropeptide signaling, energy metabolism, and body weight regulation. Identified ligands include the neuropeptide PEN, and mouse model studies indicate that loss of GPR83 protects against diet-induced obesity, underscoring its role in metabolic control. GPR83 can form both homodimers and heterodimers (notably with the ghrelin receptor), potentially modulating activity of other GPCRs. Endogenous activation and detailed signaling mechanisms remain an area of active research, with the receptor implicated in Gq/11 and Gi protein-mediated pathways and basal MAPK activation. There is currently no established targeted therapeutic drug, but its function and expression pattern suggest relevance for metabolic disorders, obesity, and some CNS diseases.

Other names

GPR72JP05G-protein coupled receptor 72GIRglucocorticoid-induced receptorprobable G protein-coupled receptor 83

Modulates intracellular signaling via Gq/11 and Gi protein pathways; Involved in regulation of basal and ligand-dependent signaling; PEN-induced effects via G proteins